❇️ The Switzerland Pavilion, designed by Manuel Herz Architekten, is recognized as one of the lightest and most environmentally sustainable pavilions at Expo 2025 Osaka. The structure is composed of five interlocking air-inflated spheres, each maintained at a different internal pressure. These spheres form a lightweight architecture realized through a dual-layer pneumatic membrane system combining PVC-coated polyester (PES) fabric and ETFE film.
This design fully embraces the principles of lightweight and sustainable architecture. The pavilion houses four exhibition areas and one retail space. It is entirely demountable and recyclable—after the Expo, the components will be repurposed into furniture or adapted for other functional applications.
❇️ The 2025 Switzerland Pavilion pays homage to the bold and optimistic spirit of the 1970 Osaka Expo. Its pneumatic membrane structure is supported by a steel framework, with each inflated sphere formed by a double-layer membrane cushion. The inner layer consists of PVC-coated PES fabric, while the outer layer is made from ETFE film. Each sphere weighs approximately 450 kilograms.
❇️ The ETFE pneumatic cladding system, made from a fluoropolymer similar to Teflon, maintains internal air pressure without the need for airlocks, allowing visitors to enter and move freely between spaces. The inner and outer membranes can be manufactured in different colors. This makes it possible to achieve a bright and translucent external appearance while creating a dimly lit atmosphere inside.
❇️ ETFE foil is fully recyclable and extremely lightweight. Its carbon footprint per square meter is estimated to be only 5–10% of that of traditional aluminum cladding or concrete walls. The membrane is mechanically fastened using screws, making it easy to assemble, dismantle, and transport. The supporting steel structure uses bolted joints at key intersections, which help prevent bending and ensure structural integrity.
Key Features of the Dual-Layer Membrane System (PVC & ETFE):
✔ High formability and tensile strength
✔ Lightweight and easy to install or disassemble
✔ Fully recyclable and low carbon footprint
✔ Excellent self-cleaning properties due to low surface energy
✔ High light transmission and daylighting performance